摘 要

本文主要是对于载货汽车底盘的总布置与设计，其实货车底盘的总布置设计在货车设计中具有重要作用。本文对载货汽车底盘各主要部件进行选择及布置设计并对相应的参数进行了选取和计算，在此基础上完成底盘总体布置设计。设计过程中，在给定货车类型及部分参数的情况下，对该货车底盘进行选件布置；依据所确定的轴数、驱动形式、发动机的功率及汽车底盘布置形式，并考虑到商用车的舒适性及其对商用车的基本性能的要求来进行了汽车主要尺寸参数和性能参数的选取和计算，在此基础上选取并确定了底盘各部件的动力总成、制动系及转向系等。最后参考了同类车型的底盘总布置方案来对所设计的载货汽车进行底盘总布置，并绘制了底盘的总布置图。

关键词：载重汽车；底盘；总布置与设计；选型

Abstract

This article is mainly about the general arrangement and design of the chassis of the truck. In fact, the layout of the chassis of the truck has an important role in the design of the truck. This paper selects and arranges the main components of the truck chassis, selects and calculates the corresponding parameters, and completes the overall layout design of the chassis. During the design process, under the condition of a given truck type and some parameters, the option layout of the chassis of the truck is performed; based on the determined number of axles, driving form, power of the engine and layout of the chassis of the vehicle, taking into account the commercial vehicle The comfort and its requirements for the basic performance of commercial vehicles were used to select and calculate the main dimensions and performance parameters of the vehicle. Based on this, the powertrain, brake system and steering system of the chassis components were selected and determined. . Finally, the chassis general layout scheme of the same type of vehicle is referred to to make a general layout of the chassis of the designed cargo vehicle, and a general layout drawing of the chassis is drawn

Key words: trucks; chassis; general layout and design; selection

目录

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 Truck Chassis Overview 1

1.1.1 Development Status of Truck Chassis 1

1.1.2 Design Requirements for Truck Chassis 1

1.2 Contents of the research in this paper 2

Chapter 2 Main Parameters and Determination of Parts 5

2.1 Characteristics and requirements of overall chassis design 5

2.2 Selection of Car Forms 5

2.3 Selection of main parameters of trucks 6

2.3.1 Determination of Major Size Parameters 6

2.3.2 Determination of main quality parameters 7

2.3.3 Determination of main performance parameters 8

2.4 Engine Selection 12

2.4.1 Form of Engine 12

2.4.2 Main Engine Performance Determination 12

2.4.3 Engine Suspension 14

2.5 Selection of Drive System 14

2.5.1 Selection of Drive Axle Form 15

2.5.2 Clutch selection 15

2.5.3 Transmission Selection 17

2.5.4 Selection of Driveshafts 19

2.6 Driving System 20

2.6.1 Selection of Frames 21

2.6.2 Selection of tires 21

2.6.3 Selection of rear axles 22

2.7 Steering System 23

2.7.1 Selection of front axles 24

2.7.2 Selection of steering gear 25

2.7.3 Options for Steering Assistance 25

2.8 Braking System 26

2.8.1 Service brakes 27

2.8.2 Parking Brake 28

2.8.3 Auxiliary braking 29

Chapter 3 Overall Arrangement 30

3.1 Overall Vehicle Arrangement 30

3.2 Arrangement of containers 31

3.3 Engine and Clutch and Transmission Arrangement 31

3.4 Arrangement of Drive Shafts 32

3.5 Suspension Arrangement 32

3.6 Braking System Arrangement 32

3.7 Arrangement of Frame Assembly 33

3.8 Tank layout 33

Chapter 4 Exercise Checking 34

4.1 Verification the Drive Shaft 34

Chapter 5 Conclusion 36

References 36

Thanks 37

Chapter One Introduction

• 1. Overview of Truck Chassis

The chassis technology of trucks is the key to the vehicle technology. It directly affects the performance of the trucks, such as power, economy, safety, comfort, and environmental protection. In other words, the quality of the chassis technology affects the evaluation and quality of trucks. The trend of technical development of trucks is high-speed, heavy-duty, high-power, diesel, environmental protection, high-grade, and electronic.

1.1.1 Development Status of Truck Chassis

The trend of technical development of trucks is high-speed, heavy-duty, high-power, diesel, environmental protection, high-grade, and electronic. The focus on development is economically, dynamics, environmental protection, safety, comfort and reliability. The trend of diesel engines for trucks has become increasingly apparent in China, and the power of diesel engines has been continuously improved. Technologies such as turbocharged intercooling and exhaust gas recirculation have been adopted. Due to the increase of diesel engine power, the maximum speed of commercial vehicles has reached to more than 100km/h. As China's emission regulations increasing, high-pressure injection and waste post-processing devices are widely used. Bosch has introduced the second generation high pressure common rail fuel injection system into China. The future development direction of commercial vehicle diesel engines adopts the third-generation high-pressure common rail fuel injection system (injection pressure up to 1800bar-2000bar using piezoelectric injectors), extensive use of variable geometry turbocharger (VNT), cold-pressed exhaust gas Recycling systems, electric valve technology (solenoid valve drive inlet and exhaust valves) and other technologies have improved diesel engine environmental protection and energy-saving technologies to a higher level.

1.1.2 Chassis Design Requirements for Trucks

(1) Investigation and initial decision-making: An overview of domestic and international situations and research significance, understanding of the development of the chassis assembly, selection of design goals, and development of product design work and principles.

(2) Overall plan design: According to the selected objectives and the working principles, design principles and other guiding principles formulated for the development objectives, a chassis concept is proposed.