论文总字数：16861字

摘 要

与有机聚合物膜相比，无机陶瓷分离膜在耐高温高压、耐腐蚀冲刷、操作运行、结构稳定性、使用寿命等方面优势明显，可应用在聚合物膜无法适应的极端苛刻使用环境，如化学惰性环境或者高温高压下催化应用领域。因此，陶瓷膜作为分离介质广泛用于食品饮料安全、能源冶炼、环保节能、医疗生化、技术等领域，能很好地满足特殊分离要求。

膜孔径在100nm的Al₂O₃撑体具有较好的离子透过性以及良好的稳定性在膜过滤领域具有很大的应用前景。本课题以γ-AlOOH为原料通过溶胶凝胶法制备的100nm左右孔径的Al₂O₃撑体来探究离子在纳米孔道中的传输行为。

离子在孔道内的传递行为，受其表面荷电性影响显著，因此对其介电性质进行准确表征，对探究离子在孔道中传输行为的探究有一定的指导意义。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）是一种简单无破坏的分析膜层介电性质的方法，并且能在线检测不同盐溶液体系中离子在膜抗中的传递行为。本实验测试了不同时刻的KCl和染料溶液在膜中的介电性质，并用EIS对溶液 膜进行阻抗分析，结果表明阻抗随实验时间的进行而增大，这是由于随着染料分子不断扩散，导致膜污染程度的增大。

本文通过外加电场来调控离子在膜孔道中的传输行为，采用KCl和甲基橙混合溶液为处理液，在膜两端加电场，钾离子通过，染料离子不能通过，实现对染料分子的门控。

关键词： Al₂O₃ 电场 离子传输 电化学阻抗谱

Abstract

Compared with organic polymer membrane, inorganic ceramic membrane in high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion resistant scour, operation, structural stability, service life can be applied in polymer membrane cannot adapt to extreme harsh use environment, such as chemical inert environment or under high temperature and high pressure catalytic applications. Therefore, as a separation medium ceramic membrane is widely used in food and beverage safety, energy, metallurgy, environmental protection, energy conservation, medical biochemistry, technology and other fields, can well meet the requirements of special separation.

Membrane pore size in the 100 - nm Al₂O₃ support body has good ion permeability and good stability has a great application prospect in the field of membrane filtration. This topic with γ-AlOOH as raw materials prepared by sol gel method of about 100 nm aperture Al₂O₃ support body to explore ion transport behavior in the nanopores.

Ions in the pore behavior is influenced by its surface charged significantly, thus the dielectric properties of accurate characterization, to explore the ions in the channel transmission behavior of inquiry has a certain guiding significance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a simple method of analyzing the film dielectric properties without damage, and can detect different salt solution online transfer behavior of ions in the membrane resistance in the system. This experiment tests the different moment of KCl and dye solution on the dielectric properties of membrane, and solution membrane by EIS impedance analysis, the results show that the impedance increases with the experiment time, this is because as the dye molecules spread, lead to the increase of membrane pollution.

Based on the applied electric field to control the transmission behavior of ions in the membrane channel, USES the KCl and methyl orange solution for processing liquid, in the film ends with the electric field, potassium ions, dye ions cannot pass, the gating system for the dye molecules.

Keywords：Al₂O₃ ；electric field；Ion transmission；EIS

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 Al₂O₃的结构和性质 2

1.3 Al₂O₃撑体的运用前景 4

1.4 电场作用下膜的应用 4

1.4.1 电渗析的发展与运用 4

1.4.2 电滤膜 5

1.5离子在纳米孔道内的传输 5

1.5.1 离子在纳米孔道中里的作用力 6

1.5.2 陶瓷膜表面荷电性 7

1.5.3 电场作用下离子在纳米孔道中的传输 7

1.6 电场调控离子传输的瓶颈 9

1.7 本课题项目的目的和内容 10

1.7.1 研究目的 10

1.7.2 研究内容 10

第二章 实验部分 11

2.1 实验原料 11

2.2 主要仪器和设备 11

2.3 实验方法 11

第三章 结果与讨论 13

3.1甲基橙和KCl混合溶液的数据分析 14

3.2电化学阻抗谱分析 16

3.3 Zeta电位分析 16

第四章 结论 18

参考文献 19

致 谢 22

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