论文总字数：25153字

摘 要

在垃圾处理过程中出现的二次污染物就是垃圾渗滤液，具有构成因素多，有机污染物和氨氮含量高，重金属含量高，色度高且恶臭，COD、BOD浓度高等特点。是一种高含氮有机废水。水体氮的污染越来越受到国家的重视，尤其对于含氮有机废水中含有大量有害物质，常规方法难以进行有效的降解处理，已经成为环保领域关注的焦点。水体氮污染已经成为我国亟待解决的环境问题之一。超临界水氧化技术是一种新型、高效的有机废水处理技术。

超临界水氧化法处理含氮有机废水具特有的优越性，是解决水环境污染的有效途径。然而，氨氮在超临界水中的转化效率比有机物的降解效率低得多，如何提高氨氮的转化效率成为超临界水氧化含氮有机废水应用的关键科学问题。本文研究了引入硝氮对于超临界水氧化工艺下氮和有机物去除效率的影响。主要结论如下：

1. 加入硝氮以后可以帮助乙酸在超临界水氧化条件下的降解，不同条件下去除率可达94.39%，99.62%，随着反应温度，反应时间的增加，TOC和硝氮去除率均逐步增加。

(2)模拟垃圾渗滤液的水质情况，并添加过量硝氮，研究在有机物、氨氮同时存在的条件下，引入硝氮对模拟废水的去除规律，发现TOC比氨氮更易降解，认为有机物比氨氮更易被硝氮氧化。同时，氨氮的去除效果也明显提升。

本文将为以硝氮为辅助氧化剂的超临界水氧化技术应用奠定良好基础，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。

关键词：垃圾渗滤液 高氮 废水超临界水氧化 硝氮 去除规律

Abstract

Landfill leachate is garbage disposal in the process of secondary pollutants, with complex composition, organic pollutants and high ammonia nitrogen content, high content of heavy metal, high color and odor, COD, BOD concentration higher characteristic.Nitrogen pollution of water bodies get more and more national attention, especially for the nitrogen-containing wastewater. It includes many toxic and hazardous materials,and it is difficult to degrade effectively by the traditional wastewater treatment methods.So it has become the focus of attention in the field of environmental protection. Water pollution has become one of the nitrogen environmental problems to be solved.

Supercritical Water Oxidation Process nitrogenous organic waste has unique advantages is an effective way to solve the water pollution. However , ammonia conversion efficiency in supercritical water is much lower than the degradation efficiency of organic compound how to improve the conversion efficiency of ammonia becomes the key scientific issues of supercritical water oxidation of organic nitrogen-containing waste water applications, main conclusions are as follows:

1. After adding nitrate contribute to acid degradation treated under supercritical water oxidation conditions , under different conditions up to 94.39% removal rate , 99.62% , with the increase of reaction temperature , reaction time , TOC and nitrate removal are gradually increasing . And the text obtained TOC and nitrate reaction kinetics , compared to the existing literature kinetic parameters that are conducive to the introduction of nitrate decomposition of acetic acid .
2. Landfill leachate water quality simulation and add excess nitrate , research in organic matter , while presence of ammonia , nitrate removal law introducing simulated wastewater TOC found more degradation than ammonia that organic matter more easily than ammonium nitrate oxidation. Meanwhile, the removal of ammonia nitrogen was significantly improved. The paper obtained three simultaneous reaction kinetics.

This project will provide to nitrate for supercritical water oxidation technology to lay a good foundation of secondary oxidant, has important theoretical significance and application value .

Keyward: Landfill leachate；reaction kinetics.；SCWO; nitrate;law of removal ;

目 录

摘 要 I

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景、目的和意义 1

1.1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.2 研究目的 3

1.1.3 研究意义 3

1.2 SCWO处理难降解有机废水的研究进展 3

1.3研究内容、方法 7

1.3.1 研究内容 7

1.3.2 研究方法 7

1.4 本章小结 8

第二章 材料与方法 9

2.1 实验材料 9

2.1.1 实验装置 9

2.1.2 设备材料 9

2.1.3 检测仪器及药剂选用 10

2.2 测定方法 10

2.2.1 检测方法 10

2.2.2 操作步骤与实验条件 11

第三章 硝氮对有机物及氨氮协同去除 13

3.1实验材料 13

3.2 反应温度及时间对氨氮去除率的影响 13

3.3反应温度及时间对有机物去除率的影响 15

3.4反应温度及时间对硝氮去除率的影响 17

3.5 本章小结 18

第四章 实际废水处理效率研究 19

4.1实验材料 20

4.2 硝酸盐对有机物的分解 20

4.3硝酸盐对氨氮的分解在 24

第五章 结论与展望 26

5.1结论 27

5.2建议 28

参考文献 28

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景、目的和意义

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