摘 要

淀粉厂生产过程中会产生大量的废水，这些废水中属于高浓度有机废水。如果不能妥善处理处置，将对环境造成污染。同时，这些废水无毒易生物降解且含有大量有机物，如果不妥善处理，是对资源的浪费。

该淀粉厂日产生废水3000m³/d，且原水COD浓度为8000mg/l，BOD为4000mg/l，SS为750mg/l，pH在4.0-5.5之间。为满足城市规划需求，符合企业发展理念，根据GB25461-2010《淀粉工业废水污染物排放标准》，本设计将原水达到间接排放的标准，即COD浓度低于300mg/l，BOD低于70mg/l，SS低于70mg/l。根据出水标准及进水浓度，可采用两级生物处理以达到标准。

一级处理阶段利用平流式沉淀池及调节池，去除废水中的悬浮物及一些无机物，同时对工业废水进行水量调节。二级处理则是通过微生物，降解废水中的大量有机物，该过程主要构筑物是UASB反应器 SBR反应器，通过厌氧好氧结合，将废水中的高浓度BOD、COD去除。最终确定的废水处理流程为：废水→中格栅→提升泵房→细格栅→平流式初沉池→调节池→UASB反应器→SBR反应器→出水。同时，污泥汇集于集泥井，浓缩脱水后外运处置。流程为：集泥井→污泥浓缩池→污泥脱水车间→外运。

整个工艺投资少，处理污水符合标准，且厂区设计紧凑，占地面积小。经概预算，该工程总造价在590万元左右，单位污水处理成本为0.51元/m³，能够同时满足环境效益和经济效益，能够满足淀粉厂的需求及维持水环境生态平衡的需要。

关键词：污水处理；UASB反应器；SBR反应器；二级生物处理

Abstract

A large amount of wastewater will be generated during the production process of the starch plant. These wastewaters contain a large amount of organic matter, which is a high-concentration organic wastewater. It will cause seriously environmental pollution without properly wastewater treatment process. At the same time, these wastewaters are non-toxic, easily biodegradable and contain a large amount of organic matter. If it is not properly treated, it will be waste of resources. Therefore, it is very urgent to build factory wastewater treatment process.

The starch plant produces 3000 m³ of wastewater per day, and the COD concentration of the raw water is 8000 mg/L, BOD is 4000 mg/L, SS is 750 mg/L, and the pH is between 4.0-5.5. For meeting the needs of urban planning and the development concept of the enterprise, according to the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standards of Starch Industry" GB25461-2010, this design will reach the standard of indirect discharge of raw water, that is, COD concentration is less than 300 mg/L, BOD is less than 70 mg/L, SS is lower than 70 mg/L. According to the effluent standard and influent concentration, two-stage biological treatment can be used to meet the standard.

In the first-stage treatment stage, the horizontal flow sedimentation tank and the adjustment tank are used to remove suspended matter and some inorganic substances in the wastewater, and the water volume of the industrial wastewater is adjusted at the same time. The secondary treatment is to degrade a large amount of organic matter in wastewater through microorganisms. The main structures in this process are UASB reactor and SBR reactor. The high concentration BOD and COD in wastewater are removed by anaerobic biological treatment and aerobic biological treatment. The final waste water treatment process is as follows: waste water → middle grid → lift pump room → fine grid → advection type primary sedimentation tank → regulation tank → UASB reactor → SBR reactor → outlet. At the same time, the sludge produced by the primary settling tank, UASB and SBR reactors is collected in the sludge collection well for concentration and dehydration before being transported out for disposal. The flow is: sludge collection well → sludge thickening tank → sludge dewatering workshop → transport.

The whole process requires less investment, the sewage treatment meets the standards, and the plant area is compact in design and covers a small area. According to the estimated budget, the total cost of the project is 5.9 million yuan around, and the unit sewage treatment cost is 0.51 yuan / m3,that it can meet both environmental and economic benefits, meet the needs of the starch plant and maintain the ecological balance of the water environment.

Keywords: sewage treatment; UASB reactor; SBR reactor; secondary biological treatment

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 设计任务 1

1.2 设计依据 1

1.3 项目所在城市概况 1

1.4 自然条件 2

1.4.1 地理位置 2

1.4.2 水文条件 2

1.4.3 气象资料 2

1.5 淀粉废水处理国内外研究现状 3

第2章 污水处理厂设计 4

2.1 设计水量和水质处理要求 4

2.1.1 设计水量 4

2.1.2 进出水水质 4

2.1.3 废水处理程度 5

2.2 废水、污泥处理工艺流程比选 5

2.2.1 废水处理工艺比选 5

2.3 污水处理构筑物设计计算 7

2.3.1 中格栅 7

2.3.2 提升泵房 10

2.3.3 细格栅 13

2.3.4平流式初沉池 15

2.3.5调节池 18

2.3.6升流式厌氧污泥床反应器 20

2.3.7 SBR反应器 29

第3章污泥处理构筑物设计 35

3.1 集泥井 35

3.1.1设计说明 35

3.1.2 集泥井设计参数 35

3.1.3 集泥井的设计计算 35

3.2 污泥重力浓缩池 36

3.2.1 设计说明 36

3.2.2 设计参数 36

3.2.3 设计计算 36

3.3污泥脱水间 38

3.3.1设计说明 38

3.3.2设计计算 38

3.3.3设备选型 39

第4章 废水处理厂布置 40

4.1处理厂平面布置 40

4.2处理厂高程布置 40

4.2.1污水处理构筑物高程布置 40

第5章 工程概预算 43

5.1编制概预算依据的基础资料 43

5.2工程造价 43

5.2.1 构筑物造价 43

5.2.2 污水处理水成本计算 44

第6章 结论 46

参考文献 47

致谢 49

第1章 绪论

1.1 设计任务

1、淀粉废水处理厂工艺设计

(1)。