论文总字数：17564字

摘 要

当今地球面临着各种各样的环境问题，例如冰川的融化、能源短缺，当今世界越来越需要新的清洁的能源来缓解当前面临的问题。而天然气作为一种清洁的能源，且便于运输、储能效率高，从而越来越受到世界各国的追捧。我国现在作为能源进口大国，运输天然气途径有管道运输，陆路运输以及海路运输，而海路运输则主要是运载液化天然气，也就是俗称的LNG。LNG具有低温、易燃、易爆炸的特点，从而对船舶运输LNG有着非常严苛的要求。

对于天然气的需求量最高的地区是长三角、珠三角以及环渤海经济圈，其中长三角与珠三角毗邻长江与珠江，若LNG要直接输送至这两地，则需要船舶进入内河，而我国目前尚未有LNG船舶可以进入内河运营，所以保障LNG船舶安全进出长江珠江，对于LNG船舶在内河航行的可行性和移动安全区的研究，是十分重要的。

本文围绕长江口深水航道关于LNG船舶通航的可行性展开研究论述，从影响LNG船舶在内河航行的因素入手，结合LNG船舶的特点以及当前我国珠江LNG船舶航行的案例研究，综合分析LNG船舶在长江口的南北槽深水航道是否具有通航的可行性。

关键词：长江口；LNG船舶；深水航道；通航可行性

Abstract

With all kinds of environmental problems, such as glacier melting and energy shortage, the world needs more and more new clean energy to alleviate the current problems. As a kind of clean energy, natural gas is convenient for transportation and high energy storage efficiency, so it is more and more popular in the world. At present, China is a big energy import country, and the natural gas transportation channels include pipeline transportation, land transportation and sea transportation, while the sea transportation mainly carries liquefied natural gas, which is also known as LNG. LNG has the characteristics of low temperature, flammability and easy explosion, so it has very strict requirements for shipping LNG.

At present, China's Pearl River Delta economic belt, Yangtze River Delta economic belt and the Bohai Sea rim economic belt have the highest demand for natural gas. The Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta are adjacent to each other. If LNG is to be directly transported to these two places, ships need to enter the inland river. However, there is no LNG ship in China that can enter the inland river for operation, so it is necessary to ensure that LNG ships can enter and leave the Yangtze River and the Pearl River safely It is very important to study the feasibility of ship navigation in inland river and the safety zone of moving.

This paper around the Yangtze estuary deep-water channel feasibility studies of LNG ship navigation, this paper, from the perspective of the influencing factors of LNG ships in inland navigation, combined with the characteristics of LNG ship and the current case study of pearl river LNG ship in our country, the comprehensive analysis of LNG ship in Yangtze estuary deep-water channel of the north and south channels, whether has the feasibility of navigation.

Keywords：Yangtze river estuary；LNG carrier；Deep-water channel；Navigation feasibility

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究的背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 LNG船舶航行风险 2

1.2.2 内河运输领域研究 3

第二章 长江口深水航道（南槽、北槽）的基本情况和通航现状 4

2.1 南槽的基本情况和通航现状 4

2.1.1长江口南槽航道概况 4

2.1.2 船舶在南槽安全通过的影响因素 4

2.2 北槽的基本情况和通航现状 4

2.2.1长江口北槽航道概况 4

2.2.2 船舶在北槽安全通过的影响因素 5

第三章 LNG特征及LNG船型特性 6

3.1 LNG相关特征 6

3.2 LNG船型特性 6

3.2.1 船型介绍 6

3.2.2 船体特性 11

3.2.3 内河LNG船的设计要求 11

第四章 航道通航尺度 13

4.1 长江口航道通航尺度 13

4.1.1 北槽航段LNG船舶通航航道宽度要求 13

4.1.2 北槽航段LNG船舶通航航道水深要求 13

4.1.3 长江口深水航道船舶交会宽度 13

4.2 LNG船舶移动安全区 14

4.2.1 LNG船舶横向移动安全区 14

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