论文总字数：26650字

摘 要

十九大以来，党和政府高度重视环保工作实效，把污染防治列入三大攻坚战之一。随着污染物排放总量控制的推进，垃圾焚烧、污水处置等公共环境项目获得了大范围推广。随着治理理论的兴起，多元协同治理已成为时代热点，政府企业社会协作应运而生。本文结合南通排海工程项目、南京光大垃圾焚烧站、香港T-PARK污泥厂三个案例，从主体要素和协作网络两方面分析公共环境项目中政企社协作困境和原因。

当前，我国公共环境项目大致可分为“以融资导向”、“以提升公共物品供给效率为导向”和“以可持续发展为导向”。政企协作已普遍形成，但是政府社会明显沟通不畅、以可持续发展为导向的政企社协作的范本较少。协作是一个整体化治理的过程，只有强化单一主体内部的协作能力，克服协作网络中的风险承担、监督和资源分配等机制缺陷，各机制相互配合影响方能实现三方协作效能的最优。

关键词：公共环境项目 公私伙伴关系 邻避理论 治理理论

The Tripartite Collaboration Difficulties and Countermeasures of Government, Enterprise and Society in Public Environment Projects

Abstract

Since the Nineteenth National Congress, the Party and the government have strongly put emphasis on environmental protection and included pollution prevention in one of the three major battles. With the advancement of total pollutant emission control, public environmental projects such as waste incineration and sewage disposal have been widely promoted. With the rise of governance theory, multi-dimensional collaborative governance has become a hot topic of the times, and social collaboration between government and enterprise emerges at the historic moment. Based on three cases of Nantong Sea Discharge Project, Nanjing GUANGDA Waste Incineration Station and Hong Kong T-PARK Sludge Plant, this paper analyses the predicament and reasons of government-enterprise-cooperative cooperation in public environmental projects from two aspects of main elements and cooperation network.

At present, public environmental projects in China can be listed as "financing-oriented ","improving the efficiency of public goods supply-oriented" and "sustainable development-oriented". Government-enterprise collaboration has been generally formed, but the government and the public is obviously not well communicated. There are few models for sustainable development-oriented collaboration between government and enterprises. Collaboration is a process of integrated governance. Only by strengthening the coordination ability within a single entity and overcoming the shortcomings of risk-taking, supervision and resource allocation in the collaborative network, the interaction of each mechanism can achieve the optimal performance of the three-party collaboration.

Key words: Public Environment Project;Public-Private Partnership;NIMBY Theory;Governance Theory

目 录

中文摘要................................................................................................................................. I

英文摘要................................................................................................................ ............... II

一、导论 1

（一）研究背景和意义 1

1.研究背景 1

2.研究意义 2

（二）文献综述 2

1.国外研究综述 2

2.国内研究综述 3

3.文献述评 4

（三）研究内容及方法 4

1.研究内容 4

2.研究方法 5

二、公共环境项目和政府企业社会三方协作概念界定 6

（一）公共环境项目的概念 6

（二）政企社三方协作概念 7

1.政企社三方协作的理论基础 7

2.公共环境项目中的政企社三方协作概念 7

三、公共环境项目中政企社协作的现状及困境——以南通排海工程、南京光大垃圾焚烧站香港T-PARK为例 10

（一）政企社协作现状 10

1.公共环境项目发展现状 10

2.公共环境项目中已形成的协作现状 11

（二）政企社三方协作的困境 13

1.政企社协作主体不充分 13

2.政企社协作网络不健全 13

四、公共环境项目中政企社协作困境原因分析 16

（一）主体内部因素：各单一主体存在管理体制、能力不足问题 16

1.政府行政决策体制存在官僚化弊端 16

2.企业技术创新能力落后 16

3.公民社会发展不成熟 16

（二）资源分配机制：信息不对称 17

1.政府闭门决策 17

2.信息沟通机制不完善 17

（三）风险承担机制：契约约束不足 18

（四）监督机制不完善 19

五、 推动公共环境项目中政企社协作的实施建议 20

（一）政府—社会协作方面 20

1.明确政府地位，优化人事考评制度 20

2.建设运营全过程的信息沟通机制 20

3.完善公民的制度化参与路径 21

（二）政府—企业协作方面 21

1.企业自身加强技术改进，降低负外部性 21

2.政府亟待强化与企业的责任分担和惩处机制 21

（三）社会—企业协作方面 22

1.社会大众应当树立超越私利的公民精神 22

2.企业吸纳民众参与项目运营 22

3.社会组织、大众发挥好外部监督作用 22

结语 24

参考文献 25

致谢 29

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