摘 要

目前，我国公路交通总里程已超过457.73万公里，位居世界第一，其中服役寿命超过10年的沥青路面达到150.5万公里。按我国规范要求的设计使用寿命为15年计算，未来几年我国将处于道路维修与养护的高峰期，亟需性能优异的路面维修养护材料。本文旨在开发具有抗滑性能、抗水损害、抗车辙性能优异的沥青路面快速修补材料，可对沥青路面早期病害起到预防性养护，防止路面病害扩大，延长使用寿命，具有广阔的应用前景。

本课题依托湖北省交通厅科研项目《沥青道路快速修补与预养护材料的研究与应用》，对胶结料进行改性，探究沥青改性过程中各改性组分对沥青性能的影响规律，确定改性剂种类以及最佳掺入量，制备出各项性能优异的橡胶高粘高弹改性沥青。开发的高粘高弹改性沥青软化点达到了95.6℃，5℃延度为56.3cm，针入度为59.5/0.1mm，具有良好的粘韧性和耐老化性能。改性沥青配方中沥青、橡胶粉、抽出油、萜烯树脂、邻苯二甲酸二丁脂、硫磺占分别比为80.6%、9.7%、1.6%、1.6%、1.6%、0.3%。

此外，材料的级配类型也是抗滑沥青路面快速修补材料性能的重要影响因素，本文研究了密级配和间断级配对抗滑超薄沥青路面材料路用性能的影响规律。确定了SMA-5的最佳油石比为6.6%，AC-5的最佳油石比为6.0%。SMA-5混合料的马歇尔稳定度为16.94，浸水残留稳定度为93.2%，比AC-5沥青混合料高出2%；冻融劈裂强度为1.51MPa，冻融劈裂强度比为94.4%，比AC-5沥青混合料高出5%；同时SMA-5的动稳定度达到8108次，是AC-5沥青混合料的1.24倍；表明SMA-5具有优良的抗水损害、抗车辙性能等路用性能，且要优于AC-5沥青混合料。

开发的橡胶高粘高弹SMA-5和AC-5超薄磨耗层的铺筑厚度可达2.0～2.5cm，可应用于道路路面铺筑工程中，降低道路修补成本，延缓路面老化速率，有效减少常见病害的发生。

关键词：超薄磨耗层；改性沥青；级配设计；路用性能；

Abstract

At present, the total mileage of road traffic in China has more than 4,777,300 km, ranking first in the world, which service life of more than 10 years of asphalt pavement reached 1.55 million km. In the next few years, China will be in the peak period of road maintenance and maintenance. So the pavement maintenance materials with excellent performance are urgently needed in our country. The purpose of this paper is to prepare asphalt pavement fast mending material with excellent skid resistance, water resistance and rutting resistance. It can preventive maintenance can be carried out on the early disease of asphalt pavement to prevent the expansion of pavement diseases , prolong service life and has a wide application prospect.

This research is supported by the Hubei Provincial Communications Department of scientific research project "asphalt road rapid repair and preventive maintenance materials research and application", the cementing material was modified into asphalt modification process of the modified components influence on the performance of asphalt, determine the modifier and the best mixing amount, prepared by the the excellent performance of high viscosity and high elastic rubber modified asphalt. The softening point of the high viscosity and high elasticity modified asphalt reached 95.6 degrees, the ductility of 5 degrees was 56.3cm, and the penetration was 59.5/0.1mm. It had good viscosity, toughness and aging resistance. In the modified asphalt formulation, asphalt, rubber powder, extract oil, terpene resin, phthalic acid, two formic acid, two butyl grease and sulfur accounted for 80.6%, 9.7%, 1.6%, 1.6%, 1.6%, 0.3%, respectively.

In addition, the grading type of the material is also an important factor affecting the performance of the anti-slip asphalt pavement fast repair material. The influence of the gradation and discontinuous gradation on the road performance of the anti-slippery and ultra-thin asphalt pavement material is studied in this paper. The optimum aspect ratio of SMA-5 was 6.6%, and the best pitch ratio of AC-5 was 6.0%. The stability of SMA-5 mixture is 16.94, the stability of water immersion is 93.2%, 2% higher than that of AC-5 asphalt mixture; the freeze-thaw splitting strength is 1.51MPa, the freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio is 94.4% , Which is 5% higher than that of AC-5 asphalt mixture. At the same time, the dynamic stability of SMA-5 is 8108 times, which is 1.24 times of that of AC-5 asphalt mixture. It shows that SMA-5 has excellent water resistance and rutting resistance And other road performance, and better than AC-5 asphalt mixture.

The experimental development of rubber high-viscosity high-elastic SMA-5 and AC-5 ultra-thin wear layer paving thickness of up to 2.0 ~ 2.5cm.It can be applied to pave road. Which can significantly reduce the cost of road repair, delay the aging rate of the road, reduce the incidence of common diseases effectively.

Key words: ultra-thin wear layer; modified asphalt; gradation design; mechanical properties;

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 IV

第1章绪论 1

1.1 研究背景和意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 国外研究现状 2

1.2.2国内研究现状 3

1.3 研究的内容、目标和技术路线 4

1.3.1 研究内容 4

1.3.2 研究目标 4

1.3.3 采用的技术路线 5

第2章原材料与试验方法 6

2.1 原材料 6

2.1.1橡胶高粘高弹沥青原材料 6

2.1.2矿料 8

2.1.3 矿粉 9

2.1.4 纤维 9

2.2试验方法 10

2.2.1 水稳定性能测试方法 10

2.2.2高温性能测试方法 11

第3章高粘高弹沥青制备及其性能研究 12

3.1新型高粘高弹沥青的开发思路 12

3.2 新型高粘高弹沥青的制备工艺 12

3.2.1 橡胶粉表面改性工艺 12

3.2.2制备工艺参数研究 12

3.3 各组分掺量对高粘高弹沥青性能的影响规律研究 14

3.3.1表面活化橡胶粉 14

3.3.2 耐候组分 16

3.3.3增粘组分 16

3.3.4增塑组分 17

3.3.5增容组分 17

3.3.6交联组分 18

3.4新型高粘高弹改性沥青性能研究 18

3.4.1粘度和粘韧性研究 18

3.4.2弹性恢复性能研究 19

3.4.3界面粘附性能 20

第4章超薄磨耗层材料设计、制备及性能研究 20

4.1 沥青路面抗滑超薄磨耗层材料矿料级配设计及油石比的确定 20

4.1.1 SMA-5混合料配合比的设计及油石比的确定 20

4.1.2AC-5混合料配合比设计及油石比的确定 23

4.2超薄磨耗层材料水稳定性能研究 25

4.3超薄磨耗层材料高温稳定性能研究 26

第5章结论 27

参考文献 28

致谢 29

第1章绪论

1.1 研究背景和意义

我国九纵十八横公路网络已建成，公路总里程已经位居世界第一。然而，在长期的自然环境侵蚀，和日益增加的交通负荷作用下，道路出现不同程度的车辙、坑槽、裂缝等病害。由于路面纵向裂纹、滑移等病害对交通安全有极大的影响；同时横向裂缝和坑槽等会影响行车的舒适性，使病害路段出现“跳车”现象，给人们的生产与生活造成不良的影响^[1]。

截止到2015年末我国全国公路总里程457.73万公里，公路养护里程446.56万公里，占公路总里程97.6%。另外，在未来几年内，随着诸多公路的服役年限逐渐增加，我国将进入公路的养护和修补期。为更好的解决养护和修补期各种路面频发的问题，使公路在使用期限内具有良好的使用性能，路面修补材料将是此阶段重要的研究课题。另外，根据有关统计数据显示，我国已铺筑的道路中约有82%的路面为沥青路面。由此可见，沥青路面的修补与养护工作己经成为道路路面的重要工作。